Sexually Transmitted Disease Analytical Thesis

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Treating Chlamydia: Finding And Taking The Needed Medication

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease affecting a high number of individuals in the US. The infection is typically not preceded by any symptom, making it likely to be passed on between sexual partners without their knowledge. In recorded cases, up to 85% of women and 40% of men have the infection without symptoms.

For women who do exhibit symptoms, the signs usually include bleeding between periods, which can also be painful; a foul-smelling vaginal discharge; pain during sex or when urinating; a burning or itchy sensation around the vagina; and abdominal pain accompanied by fever.

Men infected with chlamydia could find a cloudy or clear discharge at the head of their penis. Other symptoms for men include testicular swelling and pain, and pain during urination.

Testing for chlamydia would involve taking a sample from the urethra or the cervix and having the specimen analyzed in the laboratory. If the test reveals a chlamydia infection, oral antibiotics such as doxycycline (Doryx, Vibra-Tabs, Vibramycin) or azithromycin (Zithromax) may be prescribed.

Patients must remember to complete the prescription given by the physician as scheduled. When the prescription is completed, a retest may be necessary to ensure that the infection has been eliminated.

The affected individual will also be advised to have his/her partner checked and treated to minimize any reinfection and prevent the infection from further spreading. In severe cases, pain medication, intravenous antibiotics or even hospitalization may be required.

For expectant mothers, medication is limited to amoxicillin (Trimox, Amoxil, Wymox), erythromycin (Erythrocin, E-Base) and azithromycin. Otherwise, infected women and also men can take any of the three, and also doxycycline, ofloxacin and levofloxacin.

Antibiotics, which attack the chlamydia bacteria, are given primarily to individuals who tested positive for the STD. The medicine is also given to sex partners of individuals diagnosed with chlamydia in the last two months even if no symptoms of the disease are apparent.

Newborn babies of mothers infected at delivery are also administered with antibiotics.

Various combinations of antibiotics are recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. One gram of azithromycin (zithromax) can be taken orally as a single dose, while 100 mg of doxycycline (Doryx, Bio-Tab, Vibramycin) can be taken by patients twice a day for seven days.

These two drugs are regarded by the CDC as first-line chlamydial treatments with a high 95% effectiveness,

As an alternative, 500 mg of erythromycin can be taken four times a day for seven days. Other options include 800 mg of erythromycin ethylsuccinate (E.E.S. 400, EryPed) over the same four times daily/one week combination.

The Center also suggests 300g of ofloxacin (Floxin) two times a day over one week. However, these second-line drugs are not as effective as their first-line counterparts, and also pose more side effects.

For pregnant women, the oral erythromycin prescription can also be administered. Another option is 500 mg of amoxicillin thrice daily for seven days.

Pregnant women can also opt for 250 mg of erythromycin over two weeks at four times a day, or 400 mg of erythromycin ethylsuccinate orally over the same period.

If the infection is not treated, women could develop pelvic inflammatory disease, which could cause fallopian tube damage or infertility. Irregular or incomplete treatment could lead to urethra infection (nongonococcal urethritis) or an inflamed rectum for men.

For all chlamydia patients, the key to definite and extended cure is compliance with the doctor's prescription.

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